Scientists discover new way to make fuel from water and sunlight, but more work is needed

New method converts water and sunlight to hydrogen, but more efficiency needed.

: Researchers at Shinshu University have developed a novel reactor that uses sunlight and water to produce hydrogen fuel, employing a two-step process involving photocatalytic panels. This new method proves more efficient than previous one-step catalysts but still converts only 1% of sunlight to fuel, below the needed 5% for commercial viability. Lead scientist Kazunari Domen emphasizes the importance of improving solar-to-chemical energy conversion. Despite current inefficiencies, the system holds potential as a sustainable, zero-emission fuel source.

Scientists at Shinshu University in Japan have introduced a new method to produce hydrogen fuel using sunlight and water, via a two-step process involving specialized photocatalytic panels. The reactor prototype, measuring 1,076 sq ft, splits water molecules to extract oxygen first, then separates hydrogen atoms for storage as clean fuel.

Initial testing under UV light was promising, with improved results under natural sunlight, achieving a 50% improvement in solar energy conversion. However, the reactor currently converts only about 1% of sunlight into hydrogen, significantly below the approximately 5% efficiency required for commercial viability.

Senior author Kazunari Domen stresses the need for broader efforts to enhance photocatalyst efficiency and scalability of reactors. If successful, the approach could shift energy policies towards solar fuel, moving away from finite fossil resources to abundant elements like sunlight and water.

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